Works+Citied

Works Cited Barter, James. //Artists of the Renaissance//. SanDiego: Lucent Books Inc, 1999. Print. Leonardo Da Vinci painted the last supper. The last supper the technique he used to paint this was fresco which is painting on fresh plastered walls. The person who Leonardo focused on most was Jesus seated in the center of the table. The person that was second to Christ was Judas who ended up betraying him. Judas in every painting of the last supper is always isolated from the others. To show Judas disgrace Leonardo used a painting technique called chiaroscuro to paint him darker. This painting is in terrible condition today. When this painting was first created it already had problems it faced humiliation .This painting is known as Leonardo’s most dramatic paintings. - - -. "Michelangelo." Foreword. //Artists of the Renaissance//. By Barter. San Diego: Lucent Books Inc, 1999. 76-78. Print. - - -. "Return to Florence." //Artist of The Renaissance//. San Diego: n.p., n.d. 64-66. Print. The Mona Lisa was created when the city of Florence paid Leonardo to do a fresco kind of painting called Battle of Anghiari. The Mona Lisa is the most identifiable painting in the world and copied. The Mona Lisa was started in1503 and was not finished until 3 years later. To create the smile of Mona Lisa Leonardo had to use many techniques which include shadowing, and chiaroscuro that fuzzes the space between the upper and bottom lip. Now today people wait for hours just to get a glimpse at this painting which is now at the Louvre Museum in Paris. // Galileo //. N.d. //Broadwayworld//. Web. 27 May 2010. . "Galileo’s telescope reaches 400th anniversary." //Guardian//. guardian.com, 2010. Web. 21 May 2010. . The Galileo Telescope showed that we were not the center of the universe. It also gave many conclusions to things people were wondering back then. That telescope proved that the moon was no a smooth surface. Also that the planet Jupiter has other moons. Galileo’s predictions were not welcomed by the church very well. For Galileo’s punishment he spent the last decade of his life under house arrest. With this telescope are world today knows much more about our universe that they did not know. "Geocentric Theory." //Abc-Clio//. N.p., 2010. Web. 21 May 2010. . The Geocentric system show that the sun is the centered of the universe. This system was discovered by an astronomer that lived in Egypt. All astronomers believed this for 1,400 years of all faiths and religion. In the 16Th century a Polish theologian and astronomer challenged this Geocentric system. For years theologian people showed that not only the Bible supported the Geocentric system but the Bible its self showed it was true. In the middle of the 12Th century a man Sorbonne said that humans were placed in the center of the universe to serve god and be served. Giotto. //The Gift of The Mantle//. N.d. //beyond books//. Web. 30 Apr. 2010. . Renaissance art amazed people because they have not ever seen anything like it before. This painting The Gift of The Mantle uses linear perspective. Linear perspective was one of the main techniques used for Renaissance art. The person who has created The Gift of The Mantle was Giotto also known as " Father of Renaissance Painting" he was also a pioneer who did fresco painting. // Gutenberg //. N.d. //umbrelasix//. Web. 27 May 2010. .// Gutenberg Printing Press //. N.d. //ABC-CLIO World History//. Web. 30 Apr. 2010. . The Printing Press a invention by Johannes Gutenberg. This invention changed the 15th century. What the invention did was it copied work by not having some one have to rewrite it. The Printing Press was made up of some type of movable metal. When it was invented it made easier to distribute multiple of documents at a faster pace. Since the Printing Press was invented more people learned how to read and write because there was more sources. The first book printed in the Printing Press was the Bible by Johannes Gutenberg which was a three volume series. Hinds, Kathryn. //Life in the Renaissance THE CHURCH//. New York: Benchmark Books, 2004. Print. In Renaissance Europe, there were many kinds of religious communities. Catholicism offered a range of options for involvement in religious life. A average person in the Renaissance Europe could attend church, listening to the priests chant the mass and joining in on prayers. A person who is very devout might decide to join a monastery. A monastery is a community of men or women who spent most of their time in prayer and doing good deeds. Protestantism was a new kind of belief system in the Renaissance they did not have monasteries nor a role for monks or nuns to be in this religion. "John Knox." //ABC-CLIO//. N.p., 2010. Web. 26 May 2010. . "John Knox." //wikipedia//. N.p., 2010. Web. 30 May 2010. . John knox was a scottish clergyman and the leader of the Protestant Reformation. He is considered the founder of Presbyterian denomination. When John Knox was becoming educated he had a job as a notary preist. John Knox was influenced by early church reformations so he joined the scottish church reform. When he was under King Edward VI he wrote the Book of Common Prayers which he showed a reforming influence. // The Last Supper //. N.d. //JoshJackBlog//. Web. 21 May 2010. .// Mona Lisa //. N.d. //scrapetv//. Web. 21 May 2010. . "The Reformation." //ABC-Clio History//. N.p., 2010. Web. 26 May 2010. . During the 16th Century the Catholic church had most of the power. The only thing is that it started to become corrupt. People during the Renaissance said that the pope and other religious leaders were not doing church business. The first person to take action on this recall was Martin Luther. He gave many grievances against the church. Martin Luther’s 95 Thesis was the start of this Reformation. This Movement resulted in a separate kind of church that people joined which was Protestant church. Luther’s ideas spread through Europe very quickly and in German states that got the choice to choose between Roman Catholicism and Lutheranism. "The Reformation." //concordiannews//. N.p., 207. Web. 26 May 2010. . // The Sistiene Chapel //. 1512. //ABC-CLIO eBook Collection//. Web. 21 May 2010. . "Sistine Chapel." //Beyond Books//. Apex Learning Inc, 2007. Web. 5 May 2010. . The painting by Michel Angelo in The Sistine Chapel was a painting about God touching Adam with his finger to give him life. This Art work took Michel Angelo 4 years painting on his back and just working with candle light. He also would sleep right under the painting in paint that had dripped down. When Michel Angelo was painting this work he had a lot of conflicts with Pope Julius II. Yet when Michel Angelo would run out of money he would ask the Pope and beg and the Pope would grant it to him. This painting was only one of the 9 panels that Michel Angelo painted in the Sistine Chapel. Many art Historians today are still amazed by his work // The Sistine Chapel //. N.d. //metronews//. Web. 27 May 2010. .